The Parisian club has now claimed the prestigious trophy on fourteen different occasions.
The Parisian giants required a stoppage-time leveler followed by a successful spot-kick decider to get past Marseille in the Gulf and capture a record-extending fourth consecutive Trophee des Champions victory.
The European champions seemed to be coasting towards a straightforward triumph in the match between the Ligue 1 champions and the French Cup holders after the French winger opened the scoring in the opening stages.
However, Marseille fired two times late to take a surprise advantage. Initially, Mason Greenwood converted from the penalty spot, before Willian Pacho unfortunately turned the ball into his own net for an own-goal.
In a remarkable turn of fortune, Goncalo Ramos grabbed a crucial equaliser in the final seconds to send the contest into a deciding shootout. PSG goalkeeper Chevalier then emerged as the key figure, saving decisive attempts from O'Riley and Hamed Traore.
From the spot, Goncalo Ramos, Vitinha, Nuno Mendes, and the young talent all converted with composure for Paris Saint-Germain to seal a 4-1 penalty win.
The record winners PSG, who met last season's Ligue 1 second-placed team Olympique de Marseille after completing a domestic double, have now lifted this competition for the 12th time in the last thirteen years.